Tom Watkin, Author at Dungeons and Dragons at Work

April saw me attend MartyCon 2024, where I ran a miniatures wargame intended to test players resolve under uncertain conditions. As leaders in the real world we deal with a distinct lack of information about our competitors motives and objectives. This uncertainty leads to difficult decision making and stress. My players came from all walks of life including engineers, teachers, ex soldiers and bankers. All were thrust into a scenario of limited information where quick decision making was needed to win the game. In this article I describe the game set up and play before looking at three leadership lessons we can draw from the experience.

The Set Up

I designed the game using the Space Weirdos ruleset with players commanding one of six factions battling it out under a giant factory complex set in the underbelly of the Warhammer 40,000 universe. Each player had a different primary and secondary objective. These ranged from hunting a demon infused artefact, starting a rebellion and assassinating a rival leader. Below is a summary of each group:

Inquisition/Sisters of Battle: A formidable force dedicated to rooting out heresy and chaos, armed with faith and righteous fury.
Enforcers: Tasked with maintaining order and eliminating gang activity, these elite warriors are the enforcers of Imperial law.
Honor Guard Kill Team: The personal guard of the Imperial Governor, wielding the authority to bring the Mining Guild. They also had a side mission to get rid of the Governors future Son in Law.
Acolytes of the Red Mist: A mysterious order shrouded in secrecy, rumored to be on the brink of completing an elaborate ritual with unknown consequences.
Mining Guild: Hard-bitten workers pushed to the brink of rebellion by mistreatment, seeking to assert their rights amid the chaos of civil unrest.
Scissor Sisters: An influential crime syndicate capitalizing on the turmoil, maneuvering in the shadows to exploit opportunities for profit and power.

Each players team comprised four miniatures with different weapons and abilities. But so many that the game became overwhelming.

I took the role of gamemaster to keep play moving, answering rules queries and making sure everyone was having fun. Of course, this was key in keeping the game running smoothly and allowing for players to try things outside of the normal ruleset.

Part of the battlefield with four factions visible

Space Weirdos

I chose the Space Weirdos ruleset intentionally during my planning of the experience. First, it is very simple, but with enough variety in character skills and weapons to keep things interesting. Secondly, players take turns moving one miniature each. This, and the fact that players can interrupt each others goes with actions made sure that no players were left out twiddling their thumbs. Lastly, movement was completed using a 6 inch stick removing the cumbersomeness and clutter of tape measures.

Everyone around the table picked the rules up easily. This is high praise indeed as most hadn’t played a wargame before. I cant recognize this game enough. In fact, I know my friends and I will be playing this ruleset again in the near future.

Adding Uncertainty

Having read their briefs, each player knew their main objective and main adversary. They also had notes on potential allies. Consequently, there was a base line of understanding around the situation. Encouraging players to communicate by secret notes added extra spice. Creating and breaking alliances as needed. Communications lit up within the first minute of the game, with notes flying between all participants. I quickly ran out of post-it notes and players turned to texting one another.

Now the waters were truly muddied. Who to trust. How to win your objective and how to illicit help in doing so was no longer a straight forward concern.

Game Action

We played for two and half action filled hours. Alliances were made. Motives were guessed at. The ensuing firefight unleashing chaos. Feedback from the players showed how difficult they found working with such unknowns. Enjoyable, but difficult.

One player, found himself getting frustrated at another player, perceived to be a neutral party who seemed to be targeting him. Afterwards it dawned on him that the targeting was the result of an unknown objective. He was of course completely right about that.

The player who eventually won, was double crossed, lost most of their team members, but stayed focused on their objective to pull a win on the very last turn.

Often wargames can turn into straight forward affairs. Not this one. Everyone was second guessing each other right until the end. The debrief at the end created more than a few ah ha moments as pieces of the puzzle fell into place.

Given all this uncertainty experienced by the players, what lessons can we learn from the scenario?

Lesson 1: Flexibility and Collaboration

The game’s setup, designed to pit players against each other amidst uncertainty, showcased the importance of flexibility and collaboration in leadership. One of the players, embodying these traits, adeptly negotiated alliances and adapted his strategy on the fly to help achieve his objective. His willingness to collaborate with unexpected allies underscored the power of flexibility in leadership, demonstrating the value of adaptability in the face of adversity.

Lesson 2: Trust, Betrayal, and the Art of Managing Expectations

As players delved into the fray, trust, betrayal, and the delicate art of managing expectations emerged as crucial leadership lessons. The player running the Sisters of Battle/Inquisition faction, initially sought alliances based on his knowledge of the Warhammer 40,000 universe. However, when his allies turned on each other and betrayal ran rampant, he found himself isolated and betrayed. His assumptions very nearly cost him the game. This experience highlighted the importance of managing expectations and understanding the fluid nature of alliances in leadership scenarios.

More action as the mining guilder sprints for the vox cast station (their primary objective)

Lesson 3: Effective Communication and Information Management in the Face of Adversity

Against the backdrop of clandestine dealings and covert alliances, effective communication and information management emerged as critical leadership skills. Players communicated covertly through notes and smartphones, forming secret alliances and plotting betrayals. This emphasis on information management underscored the importance of access to key intelligence and the ability to convey messages discretely in leadership scenarios, especially amidst the chaos of conflict.

Final Thoughts on Uncertainty

In conclusion, I believe this experience moved beyond that of a simple game. Instead serving as fertile ground for exploring leadership dynamics. Leading the different factions, players not only battled for victory but also honed their leadership skills in the crucible of conflict amidst uncertainty.

I will be sure to use this type of game to explore other leadership themes in the future.

Feedback is a vital component of personal and professional growth, and its value extends beyond the confines of the business world. A strong leader should be able to give and receive feedback graciously without getting emotional. In this post, we explore how the experience of receiving feedback while playing Dungeons and Dragons (D&D) can cultivate valuable skills that are applicable well beyond the game. We look at the art of giving and receiving feedback, active listening, self-reflection, adapting to constructive criticism, and fostering a culture of continuous improvement.

The Art of Giving and Receiving Feedback

D&D provides a rich environment for feedback exchange. Players often offer feedback on each other’s decisions, role-playing, or overall gameplay experience. After a session has finished the players will often talk about what happened. This includes the actions taken by players, their consequences and how things could have gone differently. Of course, this feedback is not mean spirited. Rather a way to collectively learn from mistakes and learn how to work together better.

By learning to provide constructive feedback and receiving it with openness, players develop skills in giving and receiving feedback effectively. This fosters an atmosphere of trust, respect, and growth that can be mirrored in the business world. However, giving and receiving feedback about the game is less likely to make you feel bad. After all, mistakes in game are often the best source of stories and shared reminiscing.

Feedback, whether constructive or positive should be given and received through the lens of growth (more on this later). Both help you grow and improve as an individual.

This article in Forbes Magazine give five tips for giving and receiving feedback:

Lean into positivity
Remember, feedback is all about perspective
Set team members up for success
Tackle necessary negative feedback
Focus on enhancing rather than improving performance

If you are having to give feedback and are unsure how to frame it try using the SBI model. Situation – Behavior-Impact. It focuses on the behavior rather than the actual person preventing it being misread as a personal attack. As a simple explanation you would frame your conversation as follows:

Situation- describe the situation. For example, our party was resting at the village only to wake up to discover a horde of orcs besieging us in the morning.
Behavior- Upon seeing the orcs outside the gates you immediately yelled your battlecry and charged.
Impact- The orcs countercharged, breached the walls, razed the village to the ground while our party barely escaped with our lives. In addition, we had to leave the cart of loot behind. As a result the mage, bard and thief are furious and will need some calming down.
Behavior-What behaviors would help avoid the impact? This is where you get the impetuous fighter to think of alternatives.
Impact- What might the new impacts have been?

This method removes the worry of having to think on your feet when giving feedback. I’ve used this model very effectively in my own leadership journey. Check out the link for a more detailed explanation.

Active Listening and Empathy

In D&D, active listening is vital for understanding the narrative, fellow players, and the DM. When players receive feedback, they have an opportunity to practice active listening, showing empathy, and understanding diverse perspectives.

These skills are invaluable in the business world, where leaders must listen attentively to their team members, clients, and stakeholders to make informed decisions and foster strong relationships. A leader who doesn’t practice active listening will miss vital information. Their team may come to consider them uncaring, effectively eroding any leadership capital you may have stored.

Despite mirrors often being used as traps in game, self-reflection is essential in improving your game and professional life

Self-Reflection and Growth Mindset

Playing D&D encourages self-reflection as players analyze their choices, actions, and impact on the game. Receiving feedback from the DM and other party members prompts players to reflect on their strengths, weaknesses, and areas for improvement. This cultivates a growth mindset—a belief that abilities can be developed through dedication and effort.

Similarly, in leadership individuals who embrace self-reflection and a growth mindset are more open to feedback, eager to learn, and resilient in the face of challenges. So much so that teaching self-reflection in leadership courses and MBAs is mandatory across the world.

I’ve tried to practice self-reflection throughout my leadership journey to date. I’ve found it lets me analyze my mistakes while preventing me from repeating them. On the other side self reflection has allowed me to understand where my strengths lie. Ultimately, this has led me to pursue a leadership career rather than sticking to my technical roots.

Adapting to Constructive Criticism

Of course, not all feedback is positive. If you have a table of players with a growth mindst D&D offers opportunities to receive constructive criticism that can help refine gameplay or role-playing skills. Learning to accept and embrace constructive criticism enables players to grow and enhance their performance. In my role as Dungeon Master I often ask my players how they found the session. Of course as part of this I receive constructive criticism. Rather than getting upset, I look at this as an opportunity to make the game more fun. Of course, this is much easier to do when you know that those giving the feedback are coming from a positive standpoint. Regardless, this is the most productive angle to take.

This skill translates directly to leadership, where professionals must be receptive to feedback to refine their skills, improve processes, and drive organizational success. If you are given constructive criticism in a professional setting thank the individual. Then reflect on it. Take time to consider why they might be presenting this to you, is it real and what can you do. Don’t just dismiss it out of hand. Treat it as a gift.

Applying Feedback for Personal and Professional Growth

The experience of receiving feedback in D&D not only improves your game, but can also serve as a springboard for personal and professional growth. By actively applying feedback, we can refine our decision-making, communication, problem-solving, and leadership skills within the game. AS we’ve learned, these skills directly transfer to the business world, enabling individuals to adapt, learn, and improve their performance. Win-Win.

Author: Tom Watkin

Exploring Dynamics in Uncertainty: A Wargame Experience